Electric system.



E. A. HALBLEIB.

ELECTRIC SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED M13119, 1913.

1,1 15,812 Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

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EDWri-LEZ it. HELBLEZB, OI! RGCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO NORTH EAST EKCECTMC CUMPA.Y, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A GORPORATION OF NEW YQRK.

ELECTRIC SYSTEM.

Specification 01' Letters Patent. Patented Nov, 3 193 4 Application filed March 19, 1913. Serial No. 755,514.

To aZZwhomit mag concern: of th illustrated embodiment of the in- Be it known that i, EDWARD A. HALBLEIB, vention. a citizen of the United States, and resident The ccompanying drawing is a (liagran 'oit riochester, in the county of Monroe and representing the invention as employed in 5 State of New York, have invented certain connection with a motor-vehicle provided new and useful Improvements in Electric with an internal-combustion engine. Systems, of which the following is a speci- The drawing illustrates conventionally a fication. direct-current generator having an armature This invention relatestoelectric systems of 1 and a main field-winding 2. The arn1a- 1c the type in which an electric generator and ture is connected with, and actuated by, an

a storage-battery are employed in conjuncinternal-combustion engine 3. The genertion to supply current for electric lamps, or ator is employed to Supply current for variother translating-devices, and particularly ous purposes upon the motor-vehicle, and I to systems of this type such as are employed particularly for energizing electric lamps 5, in connection with motor-vehicles, wherein these lamps being fed through main conthe generator is actuated by connection with ductors 8 and l, constituting parts of the the engine, or some moving;- part of the veload-circuit. In connection with the generhicle, and at speeds varying with the speed ator a storage-battery 6 is employed, this .of the engine or vehicle. battery being connected across the main con- Que object of the invention is to so arductors, or floated on the load-circuit, in range the system as to permit the use of a well known manner, so that it may either current for energizing a translatingdevice receive current from the generator, or supaccessory to the engine of the vehicle while ply current to the load-circuit, according to the engine is,being started and during its variations in the electroniotive force inthe normal operation, while at the same time generator.

p eventing the draft of current from the The generator is connected with the main storage-battery for this purpose when the conductors and the storage-battery through engine'is at rest. To this end I employ an regulating-devices for limiting the output of arrangement in which such translating-dethe generator. From one ofthe armature vice is connected with the generatorin such terminals or brushes wires 7 and 8 lead to a manner that current may always be drawn an automatic return-current cut-out 9. This directly from the generator through such cut-out is adapted to prevent any substantial translatingdevice, while the storage-battery return-flow of current through the wires 8 is connected with the generator and with and 7 to the generator, and as such devices the translating-device only through means are well known I have not illustrated the adapted to automatically prevent the returnform and construction of the cut-out. From flow of current from the battery to either the cut-out current flows through a wire 10 the generator or the translating device. to the windings .11 and 12 of two relays, and A second object of the invention is to prothence, "through a wire 13, to the main eonvide "for automatically increasing the outductor 8. The other armature-terminal or put of the generator when the translatingbrush is connected, through a wire 14, with device just referred to is thrown into operthe main-conductor 4. The relays are aration', and to this end I employ an auxiliary ranged to control the flow of current through field-winding in the generator, which is conthe main field-winding 2. From the wire 8 it nected in series with the translating-device a wire 15 leads to the movable contact-memin question so as to strengthen the field of her 16 ofacircuit-controller, and thence, in the ,srencrator in proportion to the current the normal position of the apparatus, employed in said device. I through a. fixed contact 17 and a wire 18, Other objects of the invention, and the to two resistance-coils l9 "and 20, which are features of construction and arrangement by connected in series. From the resistancewhich they are attained, will he set forth in coils the current flows, through a wire 21,

ctuinection. with the following description. to the field-winding 2, and thence, through a Wire 22, to the wires 4 and 14, and back to the armature. When the current for the main field-winding flows through the resist ance-coils l9 and 20 it is cut down by the action of these coils, but when the generator is operating at a comparatively low speed and a low electrornotive force, the resistancecoils are short-circuited by the action of the relays. To this end the Wire 18 is extended into connection with the contact-arm 2-3 of one of the relays. and thence. through a Wire 26, to the contact-arm 27 of the other relay. These contact-arms normally engage fixed contacts 2'24 and 28, respectively, Which are connected, by Wires and 29, to the wire 21 below the respective resistance-coils. When the generator is running at low speed, therefore, the current from the fixed contact 1'? of the circuit-controller may flow through the wires 18 and 26, the contact-arm 27, the fixed contact 28, and the Wires 29 and 21 to the main field-Winding, the current being thus of full strength and tending to strongly energize the field of the generator. As the flow of current from the generator through the Wire 10 and the relay-windings increases, however, the attraction upon the contact-fin gers or arniatures of the relays increases. The contactdinger 27 is arranged to be attracted first, this being indicated diagrammatically by showing it as lighter than the.

contact-finger 23. Accordingly, when the current rises to a certain predetermined degree the contact-finger 27 is raised, thus in terrupting the short-circuit around the resistance-coil 20, While the short-circuit around the coil 1% continues through the contact-finger 23. Accordingly the resistance of the coil 20 is introduced into the circuit of the main field-winding 2. When the current rises to afurther predetermined point the contactfiugcr 23 is also raised, thus throwing the resistance-coil 19 into the circuit of the main field-Winding, and further incr asing the resistance of this circuit.

The current from the generator, in addition to feeding the lamps 5,?01' other translating-devices supplied through the main coinluctors and s, also recharges the stor age-battery when the generator is producing an excess of current over that required by the translating-deviccs The battery may be connected across the nnain conductors in any ordinary or suitable manner, but. l have illustrated it connected through an opposition field-Winding in the'gencrator, this Winding being divided into two equal parts 30 and 31., which are introduced between the battery and the re spec-tire main conductors, and connected thcrevith hy'wircs 32, 3e and This 211'- rangement-tends further to regulate the production of current in the generator automatically, and prevent overchargingthe battery. It constitutes no part of the presamount of energy for the purpose be slurry internal-combustion engine it may he de siralole to utilize it as the source of current for energizing certain accessories of the en gins), such, for example, asthe ignition-devices, or as devices for heating the carbureter or the combustible mixture or fuel of the engine. In such a case in order that the battery may not be unduly discharged, it' is desirable to prevent the draft of currentfrom the storage-battery through such acccs ory devices, either intentionally or cool dentally, when. the e! and the genera tor are at rest. This is particularly the where the battery and the generator are cur plo ved as of an automatic startingsystem for starting the operation of the en. gine. wherein it is essential that a sufficient retained in the battery in the diagram have illustrated a heating-coil associate-e with the carburetor or vaporizer 33 of the engine 3. and adapted to heat the fuel Within the carhureter to promote its combustion in the engine. This heating-coil is conuected with the circuits already described in such a manner that it may draw current from the generator when the generatoris in operation, but cannot draw current from the storage-battery when the generator is at rest. To this end the heating-coil is supplied with current from the Wire 8 thrones a movable contact-arm 39 and a variable resistance $0,;

and through wire 41. From the heating-- coil 3? the current returns through a. Wire. 4:2. and an auxiliary field-Winding e3, to the main conductor 4-, and thence, through the wire 14. back to the armature oi? the genial ator; When the generator is in operation the circuit just described is energized with While the heating-coil cannot be enernixed when the generator is at rest, it is preferably so arranged that it may be ener gmcd at the moment when the engine is actuated for the purpose of starting it. i

have illustrated the system as adapted to utilize the generator as an ElOClllC motor to start the engine. and for this purpose I ernploy the circilit-controller, ahove referred to, as means for closing a shunt-circuit around the cutout 9. so as to permit current to flow, from the battery, simultaneously to the genand the first result of its movement is to con-- nect the fixed contact 35, as well as the fixed contact 17, with the wire 15. Current now flows back from the battery, through the wire 32, the opposition field-winding 30, and the wires, 3 and 13, to the fixed contact 35, and thence to the movable contact-member 16. At this point the current divides, and a part of it flows through the fixed contact 17,

battery by way of the main conductor 4, the,

wires 33 and 34, and the opposition fieldwinding 31. The heating-coil 37 now operates to assist vaporization in the carbureter, while the generator acts as a motor to actuate the engine, and thus cause it to start into operation. By continuing the operative movement of the circuit-controller it is caused to perform a further function, namely, to cut down the flow of current through the main fieldwvin'ding 2, and thus cause the generator-fin accordance with well known principles, after having initiated the rotation of the engine, to increase its speed of operation in consequence of the weakening of its field. To this end a resistance-coil 36 is connected across the wires 8 and 18. The last part of the operative ov 318K113 of the circuit-controller causes the contactmember 16 to disengage the fixed contact 17, while remaining in engagement with the fixed contact 35. The current flowing back through the wire 13 can now no longer reach the main field-winding directly through the circuit including the fixed contact 17 and the wire 18, but all of the 'cur rent flows first, through the wire 15, to the wire 8. Here, however, a part of the cur rent flows through the resistancecoil 36 to" the wire v18, and then by way of the relays and the wire 21 to the main field-,windin The flow of current through the field-win ing is thus reduced by the introduction of the. resistance-coil 36 into the circuit. As soon as the normal operation of the engine is started the circuit-controller may be released, and it is then returned to normal position by the action of a spring 45 connected with it. Thereafter, until the circuit-controller is again operated to start the engine, there is no path through which current can flow from the storage-battery to the heating-coil 37. The function of the auxiliary field-winding 4C3 is,-as above described to increase the strength of the field of the generator whenever the heating-coil is thrown into operation by the contact-member 39, in proportion to the amount of current flowing through the heatingcoil, thus adapting. the system automatically to supply the necessary current without diminishing the amount of current supplied to the storagebattery and the other translatingdevices.

It will be apparent that the generator, with its main shunt and series windings, the storage-battery, and the generator or regulating-devices, including the reverse-current cut-out, constitute a self-regulating system adapted to supply automatically, notwithstanding variations in the speed of the generator, a volume of current suited to the requirements of the load-circuit, and for the purpose of suitably charging the battery, but that .the heating-coil 37, however,,or any other accessory translating-device requiring a considerable fiow of current, if connected with the main load-circuit, would constitute a disturbing factor which might at times diminish the available current so as to deplete thestorage-battery or prevent it from being recharged when necessary. In the present arrangement, however, wherein the heating-coil is energized by a work-circuit independent of the main work-circuit, the use of the auxiliary or booster-winding connected in series with this translating-device, and proportioned to the flow of current thereto, produces an arrangement in which the out-put of the generator, under all con ditions of speed, is automatically increased and diminished substantially in proportion to the expenditure of current in this translating-device, in such a manner that during the normal operation of the system this device may be thrown into or out of action without in any way interfering with or modifying the normal self-regulating oper ation of the system, and thus a heating-coil or other auxiliary translating-device may be added in this manner to an electric system of the type in figuestion without danger of impairing the e ciency of the system for its primary object of supplying electric lights or starting the engine.

I claim 1. In an electric system, the combination, with a storage-battery, an engine, and an electric translating-device accessory to the engine; of an electric gehera'tor actuated bythe engine; two branch-circuits including the battery and said translating-device, respectively, and connecting them with the generator, whereby the generator may charge the battery and energize the translating-device; and an automatic return-eurrent cut-out interposed in the branch-circuit which includes the storage-battery, whereby the current is normally prevented from returning from the battery to either the generator or the translating-device.

2. In an electric system, the combination, with a storage-battery, an engine'and an electric translating-device accessory to the engine; of an electric generator actuated by the engine; two branch-circuits including the battery and said translating-device, respec- 'tively, and connecting them with the generator, whereby the generator may charge the battery and energize the translating-device; an automatic return current cut-out interposed in the branch-circuit which includes the storage-battery whereby the current is normally prevented from returning from the battery to either the generator or the translating-device; and manually operable means for short-circuiting the return-current cutout to permit current to return from the battery to the translating-device.

3. The combination, with a Self-P8 111313- ing electric system comprising a di erentially-wound generator, a work-circuit, a storage-battery floated on the line and connected in series with the differential Winding of the generator, and a reverse-current cut-out also in series with the storage-battery, of a translatingdevice connected with, and energized by, the generator independently of said work-circuit, and an auxiliary booster field-winding on the generator connected in series with said translatingdevice so as to prevent unbalancing of the system by the operation thereof.

EDWVARD A. HALBLEIB.

Witnesses:

\V. A. MONTGOMERY, FARNUBI F. Dorsey. 

